Cache cleaning apps can do harm, especially anything by cheetah mobile.
You have to be very careful with what you "clean", some get a bit too efficient and "clean" system files thus rendering the device unusable in some cases.
Mostly android is very efficient in housekeeping and cleans itself without any help.
So to answer your question, they can wipe important stuff if you are not careful, and in reality, you don't need one.
Native apps (those that come with the phone) are more discerning and if you don't select things if you don't know what they are, you are quite safe.