You had to set the back up on the old phone. It is set to back up at certain intervals and, most importantly, sets where the back up is going to be stored. This is NOT stored in whatsapp's servers! Unless you did that and you have a back up file either from your phone or a cloud service (Google Drive is the preferred choice, I believe), you won't be able to restore any old conversations. Additionally, I believe you can't 'cross' OSs with back ups (an iOS back up will not work on Android and viceversa)... At least that was the case the last time I checked, so might have changed.