It looks as if you have a userdata partition of close to 3GB. The rest is being used by Linux, Android, Recovery, the bootloader, etc. Exactly how the 16GB od internal storage is partitioned depends on the manufacturer - some leave a little more for the user, some a lot less.
To see exactly how it's partitioned, you could connect your PC with adb installed (and type shell) or use a terminal app and type
df
that will give you something like
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/block/sda22 2578748 1932204 604364 77% /system_root
tmpfs 1851164 572 1850592 1% /dev
/dev/block/dm-0 503532 346404 142016 71% /vendor
tmpfs 1851164 0 1851164 0% /mnt
/dev/block/sda7 112576 60352 52224 54% /firmware
/dev/block/sda45 115834876 33592008 81044340 30% /data
tmpfs 1869596 0 1869596 0% /sbin
/dev/block/loop0 60400 8848 50244 15% /sbin/.core/img
tmpfs 1869596 0 1869596 0% /system
tmpfs 1869596 0 1869596 0% /system/etc/permissions
tmpfs 1869596 0 1869596 0% /system/priv-app
tmpfs 1869596 0 1869596 0% /vendor/lib
tmpfs 1869596 0 1869596 0% /vendor/lib/soundfx
/data/media 115834876 33592008 81044340 30% /storage/emulated