Welcome to Android Central! You'll only be able to see your contacts in the cloud if you actually saved them to an account that syncs to the cloud (namely, your Google account). If you save contacts to the local Phone account, they only stay on the phone, and don't sync anywhere. You would've had to manually back them up somewhere, so if you didn't, then they're gone.
Whenever you enter a new contact into your phone's Contacts app, always make sure it's being saved to your Google account -- there should be an option near the top of the contact entry screen that specifies which contact you're saving to.
For photos, that also depends on you. If you took advantage of Google Photos auto-backup, then the photos should be in your Google Photos in the cloud:
https://support.google.com/photos/answer/6193313?co=GENIE.Platform=Android&hl=en. If you didn't, then the photos are gone.