Yeah it does sound like your lagging issues could be more a matter of a slower microSD card. How old a card is it and what speed? If it's a Class 10 or lower you might want to go ahead and get a newer, faster one. If it is faster card, like a V30 for instance, than there could be an issue where the card is just failing. Here's a nice page with various charts on microSD card speeds:
https://www.sdcard.org/developers/overview/speed_class/
Also, this wirecutter article is full of microSD card info, even if you do or don't care about their recommendations it's a good source for general card miscellany:
The Best microSD Card | The Wirecutter
If you want to switch from an older card to a newer one, keep in mind you need to do that through your phone, once the card has been set up as adoptable storage it's encrypted and it's tied specifically to your phone. The card won't be usable in any other device until you reformat it as external storage again. To do the switch you'll need to go into your phone's Settings >> Storage menu and use the 'Migrate data' option on the old card, then set up the new card as adoptable.