Not without going through each app individually. In your example with the Note, if you had the device then if you tried to download an app from Play Store, Play Store would indicate if the app was compatible for your device but that's not really what you want. If you are looking for guidance as to what to by, get a device that has a decent amount of storage RAM and processor with the latest version of Android. Sorry I can' assist more but I doubt there is a database as you would like since there are so many devices on the market.
Fair enough. I mean, I have a Note 2012 tablet, but haven't used it in ages. Was thinking about getting the 2014, but then, it's 5 year old type, so. Now I'm looking at the Galaxy Tab A version with a S-pen because I like having those.