Re: warning...
I just came across this thread from Google search. Here's what I have learned about USB cables from various sources.
If you make a custom cable, you need to make absolute certain that it does not go into a computer.
There are four pins that are used as part of orthodox USB. +5v, ground, data+ and data -. Micro and mini connectors also have a discretionary 5th pin and its use is completely at the device designers discretion.
Even cables with 5 pin connectors on both ends have a 4-wire cable with omitted 5th pin.
It is the phone itself that regulates how much current it draws. There are two means of doing so. With the use of 5th pin, or without. Charging current is decided by manipulating the data pins or the 5th pin to signal the phone to select the current range, or the "speed limit" so to speak.
LG phones for example receives "ok to pull 0.7A" by shorting data pins. Permanent cord LG chargers do this by a jumper molded into the phone-end connector. Detachable LG chargers do this by shorting data pins on the charger side.
A universal charger I have has a USB port, and comes with a cord that has normal USB male connector on charger and and connection for detachable tips on the other end. On this design, the jumper is built into the tip. This is a bad idea, because it authorizes the phone to draw 0.7A regardless of where its hooked up. If you take this cord and hook it up to a computer, car stereo or etc, it will draw 0.7A from the device and can lead to very expensive damage to your computer much the same way as using a universal adapter in wrong polarity or voltage. Rather than just short vs open, device manufacturers are free to do such things as data - hooked to +5v, or 12k ohm between data - and + or whatever.
Garmin GPS units take another approach and uses a 14.7 kohm resistor on 5th pin built inside the device end of cable to tell the unit its ok to pull 1A. This type of cable is difficult to emulate, because you'll need a pigtail with five pin connector on one end and loose wires on the other and this is not something you find easily.
So, base universal charger will just apply 5v between + and - and it is restricted to 0.5A charging. A real universal charger that allows full speed charging would have a permanently attached cord, and have 5 pins coming to the tip end, and have a 5-pin attachments for device specific application.