If you take out the SD card without unmounting it or by simply switching off the power, chances are that your card, may get corrupt.
You can check with the phone settings about the location of your App. If its in the SD card, your app may not get executed. Although you can then try to fix your...
There can be many manual tricks to perform like blowing dirt out of the SD card, assigning a new drive letter, perform CHKDSK command or upgrade to the suitable firmware. But for information in details you should see this info graphic