If it is portable, if the sd card fails, you'll only lose the data on the sd card, which would be photos, videos, music, maybe some external app data for apps that can allow you to store data on an sd card.
If it is adopted, you will have at least some apps storing the app and all of its internal data on the card. If the card fails, you may end up losing access to apps and all of their data. In fact, android is designed so all new app installs go onto the storage location with the most available space, so that may end up putting all of your apps on the sd card. I think the same thing would happens with photos and videos.
The SD card will be slower than the internal storage that the turbo 2 uses, so you may see some extra lag caused by slower read write access to storage. (I'm not sure what the performance degradation would be and how noticeable it would be.)
If you have to do a warranty replacement, you won't be able to put the sd card on the new phone and get all of the apps and data back. The card is formatted and encrypted with a key that allows its use in only that one device. With portable storage of course you can mount the card in any device with a card reader and the data will be available.
Some good info here:
Inside Marshmallow: Adoptable storage | Android Central
Technical info here:
https://source.android.com/devices/storage/adoptable.html