I can't tell you how many time issues with Internet Explorer have been solved simply by deleting the cache.
But you are describing a different kind of cache - that's closer to what Wayne Sanders was suggesting, and you can still delete the browser cache from within settings of the Chrome browser on Android. What you are doing when you clear the /cache partition is wiping Dalvik cache images. They are not
static dynamic* at all - each app will always have the same Dalvik cache, so wiping the cache partition just rebuilds the same cache all over again. Wiping cache is useful in the rare case that the cache was corrupted somehow - the phone shut down while running an app for the first time as the system was writing the cache files, or the app crashed, something like that.
The only Windows apps that I can think of that would have similar cache files are when you run Java apps (not applets in the browser, but full apps, such as CrashPlan or MoneyDance - the two major Java apps I can think of...), for the same reason that it happens on Android - Android apps are also almost always Java apps.
But, again, as I said earlier, it won't hurt your phone to wipe cache, so go for it if you want to.
[edit]* Ugh, I originally wrote they are not static at all, but my brain must not have been working right. I meant to say how I corrected it - they are, in fact, not
dynamic, and are
static. Once the cache is written, it stays until the app is updated, and then I believe the cache is written to dalvik cache in the /data partition.