It is exactly as Lukair described.
GSMArena Battery Life Endurance Rating (includes stand-by battery life):
Samsung Galaxy S3 International (Exynos Quad): 43 hours
Samsung Galaxy S3 U.S. (Dual-core Snapdragon S4): 40 hours
That does not even include the fact that the new Exynos Octa has power-saving cores.
2. (Most probably) Wolfson audio chip
GSMArena Audio Quality Test
Samsung Galaxy S3 International (Wolfson DAC): -90.3 Noise Level, 90.3 Dynamic range, minimal distortion, -92.6 Stereo Crosstalk
Samsung Galaxy S3 U.S. (Qualcomm DAC): -82.3 Noise Level, 82.3 Dynamic range, minimal distortion, -78.4 Stereo Crosstalk
The Wolfson DAC wins across the board in terms of cleanest audio quality when connected to either headphones or an external amplifier.
Anandtech's GLBenchmark Egypt HD (1080p)
Apple iPhone 5 (PowerVR SGX 543MP3 GPU): 27 frames per second
Google Nexus 4 (Qualcomm Adreno 320 GPU): 18.5 frames per second
The LG Optimus G (29 frames per second) was also tested, but as Anandtech says,
"The explanation is simple: the Optimus G can't complete a single, continuous run of GLBenchmark 2.5 - the app will run out of texture memory and crash"
Also, in terms of optimized browser scores:
Anandtech's BrowserMark (Higher is better)
Samsung Galaxy S3 International (Exynos Quad): 172237
Samsung Galaxy S3 T-Mobile (Dual-core Snapdragon S4): 114812
Anandtech's SunSpider Benchmark (Lower is better)
Samsung Galaxy S3 International (Exynos Quad): Completed in 1442.9 ms
Samsung Galaxy S3 T-Mobile (Dual-core Snapdragon S4): Completed in 1751.3 ms
All in all, the U.S. Galaxy S4 will be inferior to the International version in every way, especially since it will have a GPU that was first used 4 months ago.