Lithium batteries that are fully discharged can blow up if they're charged. (Remember the Note 7s?) Discharging the battery all the way, like that, isn't good for their longevity either - doing it every charge cycle, even if you
can recharge them, will kill them in a month or two.
NEVER lett the battery discharge below 25%, but 40% will give you a much longer battery life. (Not charging them past 80% will also prolong their life.)
There's a little circuit in most lithium batteries that disconnects the battery from the terminals (internally) if the battery voltage drops too low - and they'd have to go back to the factory to get that reset, which hardly pays, because it would cost you (or Samsung) a few hundred dollars, so it's cheaper to replace the battery.
I suggest that you plug in the charger and leave it plugged in for at least 4 hours before even looking at the phone again. If that still doesn't start it charging, bring the phone into your carrier ("the phone company") and ask them for assistance - they may have a charger that does a precharge, to get it to the point that it can be charged. If it hasn't internally disconnected yet, that would bring it back. (But if it has, you'll need the battery replaced.)
Lithium batteries
are not deep-discharge batteries. We use them because the electrodes in batteries have to conduct electricity, and lithium is the lightest metal. (Okay, for nit-pickers, hydrogen is, but the refrigeration plant to keep an ounce of hydrogen in the metallic state would weigh a few hundred pounds.) A lead-acid battery could be fully discharged and fully charged over and over (look at the abuse car batteries take), but you don't want to carry 6 ounces of lead around with you, so we use lithium. We just have to learn how to use the batteries properly. (
GSam Battery Monitor makes it easy - set an alarm for 81% on the high side and 39% on the low side and let the phone tell you when to charge it and when to unplug the charger.)
(A bad cable shouldn't give you the indication you're getting. You can try a different one, or even someone else's charger, but I doubt that's the problem.)
