Those percentages are percentage of the total amount of drain, not the percentage of battery capacity. (Just so you understand what you're looking at. Android System didn't use 30% of the battery's capacity, it used 30% of the amount of power used. If the phone listed every app that used any power, and carried it to 3 decimal places [some apps pop in, use a tiny bit of power, then close] you'd see that the numbers
always add up to 100%. IOW, 100% of the power being used is being used by
something - even if only 2% of the battery's capacity is being used.)
As far as what's happening, there are a couple of things.
1) You're letting the battery drain to almost nothing, then giving it a little charge, then letting it drain to almost nothing, etc. Try to never let the battery get below 40% if you want it to last. And once it gets down there, charge it to 100% if you can. See
Battery University - How to Prolong Lithium-based Batteries to learn a little. (They make battery analyzers for the industry, so they've destroyed enough batteries to know what they're talking about. It's a whole battery course, if you want to go to the left panel and start at the top.) It's especially important in a phone with a non-removable battery.
2) We need to see the next screen (press the graph on top to get it) to see how long the phone is awake when it's not being used. (It should pretty much be asleep when the screen is off.) Then you're going to have to find out what's waking it. Try
Wakelock Detector (if your phone isn't rooted, see
Wakelock with non-rooted phone to see how to set it up to work. It's not trivial, but a couple of runs should be enough to tell you which app(s) is/are causing the problem.)