Problem solved! I want to thank everyone for their advice and feedback.
Here's what happened:
I kept WiFi off when going through my garage, as the T-Mobile rep suggested. That appeared to work. So I thought, ok at least there's a work-around even though I shouldn't have to turn off my WiFi every time I leave home.
The next day, I forgot to turn WiFi off, but the problem never resurfaced. I went through the garage twice that day and both times the phone reconnected to the network within a reasonable amount of time.
How could the problem just suddenly disappear? Well I think the solution came at the end of my phone call with T-Mobile. I asked them to reset my connection/location as was suggested in this thread. They never even suggested it as a solution but I remembered reading it here and thought it couldn't hurt. Well, now it seems to be working as it should and I can safely say I now love everything about my Note 7 as I expected to (fingers grossed re ScratchGate).
So if anyone is having this issue, have your carrier reset your connection/location and it may just do the trick. There could be other culprits as well, like a bad SIM, but the good news is that it probably isn't hardware related.
Thanks again for the help!