Have you already tried basic tasks like restarting your phone and clearing the Camera app's cache? Assuming yes and this problem is still occurring, this is just a testing endeavor -- try installing this Op;en Camera app:
Open Source Camera app.
play.google.com
This is a very configurable third-party camera app so be sure to delve into the app's Settings menu to optimize it to your particular needs. Anyway, use it to record a video and see if that too quick cut-off problem happens with this app too. The issue being you've got two aspects to look into, the camera module (hardware) and the Camera app (software). This might be an indicator the problem is due to some setting with the installed, default Camera app.
(... also, you might want to Uninstall the Open Camera app now. Samsung's Camera app has a good reputation, and being Samsung's app it's functionally fully compatible with its proprietary camera module. Something third-party camera apps cannot by law utilize.)
Anyway, depending on the results of your test that will indicate what you need to focus on. Is it the Samsung Camera app or something with your S22 Plus? If the latter that also brings up a matter of your storage media. You stated there's plenty of free storage but did you change the default save folder in the app's Settings. Is the default save within the internal storage or a microSD card?
Just as an aside, this is a nice smartphone camera primer article:
Puzzled by the way phone makers talk about their camera hardware? We've got you covered
www.androidpolice.com
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