Well...kinda... I'm doing exactly what you want to do but with an AT&T SIM. I have used T-Mo with my GNex too and I asked them the same question you're asking. What follows applies to both networks in every regard...
You cannot and never will be able to activate/provision a data-only SIM in a GNex (or any phone for that matter). You will need to find a hotspot, tablet, or some other data only device to activate the SIM. Once activated though, you're good to go...just stick it in the Nexus and possibly do some light APN editing.
I activated my SIM in an AT&T iPad and get 3GB for $30/month. That said, as long as you get good T-Mo service where you are, there's no down side to using their $30 promo Walmart plan (5GB, 100 mins, unlimited messaging). I know you don't need the texting or minutes, but the plan is still dirt cheap and you get 5GB. I'd suggest that over hacking your way into a data only plan.
Either way, good luck!
Sent from my Galaxy Nexus using Tapatalk 2