Funny how this forum doesn't require you to create an account before posting a question, but I had to create one to respond to my own question. :/
The ability to post a question as an unregistered guest can be helpful for people who have a simple question that has a simple answer. But of course, there are plenty of questions that are more nuanced and require more discussion, and there also plenty of people who neglect to include some basic details about their issue, which requires followup. In order to respond within a thread, it makes sense for a person to register, so that it's much easier to track who's saying what.
I'm not sure if there's a quick way to troubleshoot your issue. I'd suggest trying it in Safe Mode to see if it stays at 3.7 MP, but since you say it can take a few weeks before it automatically reverts to 9.1 MP, that makes it less feasible.
Does the change seem to correspond to updates to any apps, or system updates? Also, just to be sure -- all of these photos are being taken by the stock Camera app, and not with any other 3rd party app, right?