Whatsapp is being ambiguous. Am I blocked by someone?

[thegustavo]

On Whatsapp Web, the profile pic of a contact is absent and its status is the default "Hey There! I am using Whatsapp.".

On the actual app, the profile pic and status are both normal. On both cases, the last messages I sent are marked with only one tick
.
I also can't see the "last seen" status, but this is normal due to privacy settings. Also, this only happens with one contact so I'm confused.