Verizon can give you a sim card for network activation, but that isn't your main issue. What you are running into when it factory reset is called "factory reset protection." It's a security feature to prevent thieves from being able wipe and re-sell stolen devices. It requires the owner to validate ownership by logging in with their Google account info to set it up again. Without it, it's just an expensive paperweight. Unfortunately, it's not uncommon for people selling their own used devices to forget to remove their account prior to the sale.
If you are unable to get that info to finish setup (and then use your own Google account), then try getting a refund on the tablet.