Well, you can't 'resolve' something that's not really an issue... If the wiring on your headphones is different than what your Android phone supports (which, in most cases, differs from Apple devices), it just won't work. Would you expect an Ethernet cable to work no matter how you wire it? Nope.. Same here.
In your case, the Sony headphones might be Apple-compatible and that's about it Android DOES support in-line controls... as long as you use the proper hardware. BT headphones shouldn't have an issue.
Seems like a basic function that many people across many forums have questioned why it hasn't been rectified over the years. Maybe it's the manufacturers responsibility, there is evidence here
https://www.androidauthority.com/google-in-line-headphone-controls-android-nougat-devices-727734/ that Google wanted to have a standard across oems from this article in 2016.
I myself have tried several different headphones with inline controls and none respond on an android device when pressing the volume +/- only the centre button works to pause/play or receive/end a call. Whereas they all work on an iPhone. Lots of headphones are 'Smartphone' compatible not just 'Apple' compatible so yeah unless it's clearly stated otherwise, you would expect them to work with the features advertised.
Plenty of accessories are advertised as Apple compatible but I'm not aware of headphones that are labelled as Android compatible and I suspect a lot of people would not know how to find out which ones were and wouldn't know they weren't until they tried ti use them.
Don't follow your Ethernet cable comment, if you bought two Ethernet cables from different manufacturers you would still expect them both to plug into an Ethernet port and work because there is a standard set for ethernet ports and cables. The same could be said of headphones with a 3.5mm jack as its a connector that's been around a long time and up until recently, standard on phones, mp3 players etc. So you would expect one pair of headphones to work with two different devices that both have a standard 3.5mm input.
Are you suggesting that the 'right hardware' is BT headphones? That's not really a solution to the problem.
There is not much information on what headphones do support the feature on Android devices.
I suspect part of problem is that volume +/- is not required but optional to manufacturers under the specification here
https://source.android.com/devices/accessories/headset/plug-headset-spec.html