From what I understand many business email clients, Lotus Notes to name one, won't allow access thru Android but will allow it for iPhone, based on the theory that it more secure. Just like many government agencies require BlackBerry or iPhone for access. So the message about security is likely the key to your issue.
Since you say that you are checking your entries thru your school's IT page, have you read through it thoroughly to see if it mentions access via Android? Have you considered just taking your phone to the IT staff and having them add the account for you? A quick Google search turned up the following link which mentions .edu. Briefly reading through the article it sounds like you may have already tried these steps. If they don't work for you I would strongly suggest that you address the issue with the IT staff as they may have the exact steps needed and probably will add them for you.
https://ist.njit.edu/webmail-google-...tions-android/
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