If you have the screen on when you unplug the charger, the screen may not be using 100% of the power being consumed, but it's probably using more than 99%. (The percentage is of
the total power that's been used since the last charge, not the percentage of total battery power.)
Hours later, the screen will have been responsible for a certain amount of usage, even if it's been off for 9 hours. It's not a "used in the last minute" measure, or "being used at the moment", it's "percentage of the total power consumed since the last charge". As time goes on the screen percentage will go down, but even if you fully charge the phone, use it for an hour, then let it sit with a dark screen for 24 hours, the screen will still have contributed part of the battery usage since the last charge.
The only way to reset that is to recharge the battery, and you shouldn't need to do that until it gets down to 40%. (Don't let it drop too low either - that's not good for it. If you install
GSam Battery Monitor and set the alarms to 80% for high and 40% for low, you'll know when to charge it and when to unplug the charger.)
And while you're using the phone since, as Javier said, the screen is one of the largest consumer of battery, it
should keep going up. It uses more power per minute than just about anything else in the phone, so its percentage of power used will keep going up.