can i disable and/or delete the google photos app from this google phone?

If you want to be able to share directly from the camera or even just tap the tiny little photo in the lower right that was just taken, then Photos must be enabled. I have it disabled and see the same things the OP has mentioned. I don't ever need to immediately share a photo I just took and just go to my 3rd party gallery app and do it that way. Actually, I just open the app I want to share it with, be it messages or whatever and then navigate to the photo I want. Been doing it that way for over a dozen years.

So, the best option would be what the OP already mentioned, just delete whatever photos you don't want synced in the web version, turn off sync for Photos, leave Photos app enabled on your phone so you can use the share feature of the camera like you want.

I got the message below just by tapping on the little circle photo in the lower right of the camera of the blurry photo I just took of my keyboard.
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So basically Google has hard coded their camera and photos app to work almost symbioticly? Good to know, I guess, and explains a lot.
 
So basically Google has hard coded their camera and photos app to work almost symbioticly? Good to know, I guess, and explains a lot.

Yep, and it's ridiculous. I've been a Samsung Note user exclusively for the last decade and liked the option of tapping on the little just taken picture and seeing if it came out OK but the only way to do that now on my P6P is leave Photos enabled which is the ONLY reason I still have it enabled.
 
Are there any phones that allow you to change the gallery associated with the Camera? When I had to use a Galaxy A32 5G for a few weeks, I found the stock Samsung Gallery to be more annoying than Google Photos when reviewing photos I just took, but there was no way to change that.
 
Are there any phones that allow you to change the gallery associated with the Camera? When I had to use a Galaxy A32 5G for a few weeks, I found the stock Samsung Gallery to be more annoying than Google Photos when reviewing photos I just took, but there was no way to change that.

That's a good question. I really don't know but then I've liked the default Samsung Gallery over the last few years, but before that, it left a lot to be desired. I bet each manufacturer makes the default camera associated with their own default gallery.