I know this thread's slightly old but it describes exactly the issues I was experiencing - and was driving me nuts.
Anyway, I can confirm a fix (for myself on my S8 es), having tried all kinds of settings, cache clearing, reboots, location update settings, etc..
I uninstalled Google Play Services and then updated it. This not only cleared data but also reset to what the phone thought was the appropriate version. Since then everything is back to normal, with stellar battery life.
It's not without side affects though. I had to re-enable backup, Inbox settings and re-enroll cards into Android Pay.