Thank you for joining and getting back to us. That sounds like the phone factory reset itself. Could you take a photo of the screen where it's asking for this info (omitting your info of course) and upload it here?
Assuming this is a factory reset, did you by any chance purchase this phone used, refurbished, or in an otherwise not new condition? Google does have something called Factory Reset Protection, which is what asks for the last account email and password during the initial setup after the reset. The idea is that it's a theft deterrent by making the phone basically unusable to thieves. Unfortunately, it can also affect legitimate users that buy the phone used if the prior owner did not sign out of their Google account prior to resetting the phone.
If this is the case, your only option would be to try contacting the last owner and have them sign in. At that point, they need to finish the setup process so they can use the phone. From there, go into the phone's settings and to the Accounts section. They need to sign out of any and all Google accounts and perform another factory reset and go through the setup process again to verify it no longer requires their login info.
If this is FRP and you bought this from a retailer, then I would contact them and try to get it exchanged. New phones would not have this issue, and refurbished phones should have had any prior account info removed to not trigger FRP when setting up the phone.