Transfer files to PC

I have had situations where certain "new" files do not appear on the PC until I force reboot the my phone (or just wait long enough?), but that doesn't sound like what you are seeing.

Have you browsed all other folders to see if your images are being stored elsewhere for some (odd) reason? I have had a Nexus 5 in the past and I am certain that images and videos defaulted to the DCIM\Camera folder.

Do you have Wi-Fi at home? If so, try installing the free version of AirDroid (Play Store) on your phone, establish a connection with your PC (you open a browser and point it to the IP address specified by AirDroid when you first open it), and try browsing the same folders.
 
Cleared cache. Did not help. Tried USBDeview. Did not help. Tried attaching the phone to my husband's computer which had never seen an Android device or any other such device. Drivers installed automatically. No luck finding anything in any folders.

The problem seems to me to be with the Nexus 5. The files appear with the Nexus 7 (2012) which did not get the latest android update.
Thanks for all your suggestions!
Eva

Did you try clearing the cache: Settings>Storage and USB--scroll down to Cached data, click it to clear. Reboot phone. It worked for one person. I still suspect drivers. With USBDeview , you want to delete all the files that show 18d1. Your pc will re-install when you hook up the N5 and/or N7.
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If you haven't tried the USBDeview program, I'll tell you that you have to scroll down the page at least 2/3 of the way to find the download button.
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I've been using devices for 6 years, but this year I've had to rely on uninstalling/re-installing drivers more than ever. It doesn't hurt to do this, and it gets ALL the drivers not just what may show up in Device Manager.
There is just a possibility that the usb port on your phone has been damaged. It's pretty slim, but data and charge use different pins so it is possible for charging to occur but transfers not. However, I don't think that's your issue.
It's pretty frustrating (stressful) to deal with this type of problem so when you said you'd live with it, I just let it go. As you replied to another poster, I'd thought I'd try again with another suggestion (wipe data cache) and clear directions to remove the Android drivers (18d1).
Feel free to ignore it all.
 
I am having the exact same issue. I have this to add. My Nexus 5 has 2 user accounts. My wife is the primary account which my PC can see folders but no files and my secondary account where I can see all files and folders.
 
I need to add this....

If you transfer new files to the empty folder the files will appear in the empty folder next time you connect cell phone to PC.

Another note....

All this began after I changed the battery in my Nexus 5.

SOS HELP!!!