Welcome to Android Central forums. Sorry for being late to the party on this but I was browsing some older threads looking for unanswered threads that I thought I might have advice for when I came across your thread.
I did a quick search for visually impaired apps and found a lot of money readers, braille readers and others apps that all deal with using the camera to extend vision, but not many that helped with using the phone. Here is a whole list of "helpful" apps for the visually impaired.
We aim to create an useful and extensive list of APPS and DEVICES which can facilitate the life of blind and visually impaired people. Please write your suggestions experience in the comment box. Last update: 06 June 2023 APPS General / Object Recognition Be My Eyes (iOS) (Android) Be My Eyes is...
www.noisyvision.org
There are apps on the Play Store you could sort through them a bit more than I did but you would probably have to test them for this specific feature. I can't think of any other way.
I won't waste time asking too many questions with this being an older thread I'll be happy if you just get this reply.
Only 2 things come to mind for this.
Using the setting for notification sound while on a call and an app called Tasker.
On my Samsung, it doesn't see the Phone app as one that delivers notifications, which I am assuming is what Assistant sees to read the caller ID out loud. You can check your Moto by going to Settings>Notifications>App notifications>here I had to enable system apps to get them to appear in the list>Phone. Once I got to Phone it didn't have a check box to enable notifications maybe Moto will or will have other options. IDK, just looking for anything that might make it do something while the phone is busy in this area.
I found the actual setting to "allow notification and alarm sounds" during calls in the Phone app itself. Maybe making some change here might make a difference but after looking around it doesn't seem likely. I would still look.
As for Tasker. It is an automation app for Android. It uses logic statements to perform tasks. Something like, IF this app is open, THEN do this thing, or WHEN battery reaches xx%, THEN do these 5 things. It can read notifications and the state of the phone, read things to the user out loud, and control several things about the phone, screen brightness, volume level, vibrate, etc. In this case you would want it to read the Caller ID out loud for every call, maybe vibrate in a certain way, and increase the volume so it can be heard. Obviously Tasker can do a lot so getting it for just this one thing may be overkill. It's a paid app too and it takes some understanding to create profiles but there are a lot places online that talk about Tasker. Most Android forums, including AC, Tasker-wiki online, YouTube, Reddit. It is everywhere.
There are some free automation apps on the Play Store but I don't know or use them and therefore can't really say what they can do, or how well they work. Some may also be easier to program. It would be, try it and find out to know.
I know this is a lot but maybe being back on the front page will also get more responses. I know I've seen other questions about visually impaired users so someone may know just the thing.
Best wishes. Post back if you found something or if one of these works for you. We'd be curious.
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