I've heard of some updates that "fix" rooted phones by closing the exploit. I think some have been ok as long as you're rooted prior to the update, and some may depend on the root method. If it's a flagship phone, you can pretty much expect there will be a lot of effort put in to finding new exploits if needed. Nothing is guaranteed, but you'll most likely eventually be able to re-root if it's a popular phone simply because of the demand for a root method.
There's also ways to prevent updates from being applied so you can hold off until you can find out eventual root options after the update.
