What you need to do, before the kids come into the classroom, is be sure your mobile device is not only paired up with those speakers but also connected. Once those Bluetooth speakers are connected to your mobile device, that locks out the kids when they try to connect to the speakers. You need to do this before they get a chance to have you locked out.
The thing is Bluetooth isn't all that configurable by the user, It's a wireless technology primarily based on convenience so readily securing it is secondary. And it's still essentially a one device to one device connection, so the first device to connect to a Bluetooth device is going to be the established link between those two devices and others summarily cannot. You and apparently a bunch of your students now have those Bluetooth speakers paired, you need to be the first to follow through and connect to them.