With an app like DiskDigger undelete. You'll need the paid version to get back anything but photos. And you'll have to root your phone which, depending on the phone, could delete everything (like if you have to unlock the bootloader), which would defeat the whole purpose.
This is why anything important should always be backed up to somewhere other than the phone.
Not a single app with the name "recuva" in any form recovers anything but photos and videos. Recuva™ (by Piriform) recovers all deleted files - but there's no Recuva™ for Android, just apps violating trademark by using the name. Apps that recover all files (and there aren't that many) are paid (unless I missed the only one that's not)