Sure, if that's what you want.Can I buy a phone just for the camera?
I don't feel it is because for less money than the price of most cell phones you can buy a compact, 20 Megapixel camera like these: linkIs that a good idea?
This is probably the worst idea as an older phone will have an older camera in it. Cell phone cameras get better in each generation so the newer the better.Perhaps I could buy a used phone?
Pocket cameras are coming along well. They can record HD video, some have flip screens for taking selfies, some can interact with a phone for more control options, etc.
I don't feel it is because for less money than the price of most cell phones you can buy a compact, 20 Megapixel camera like these
This is probably the worst idea as an older phone will have an older camera in it. Cell phone cameras get better in each generation so the newer the better.
You can buy an unlocked phone
Unlocked phones can be used on many carriers, whereas the use of a locked phone is restricted to specific carrier.I'm not sure what that means. Is that a used phone?
Do you know if there are cameras that fit in you pocket?
A used smartphone may not be the latest and greatest, but aren't new smartphones expensive?
I think you should consider low light conditions. Many (but not all) Cell phone cameras don't do well in low light. If this aspect is at all important to you then I think you should strongly consider a dedicated camera of some sort first.

Yup. The sensor size is quite an important factor in low-light photography. Larger sensors perform better in low-light situations, dedicated cameras will absolutely have larger sensors (not just talking megapixels, talking physical size) than phone cameras.
My opinion on the original question, $ for $ you're going to get MUCH better photographs from a dedicated camera than you will from a phone. Canon makes good point and shoot cameras with optical zooms (phones use digital zoom, using 4 pixels at 2x zoom for every one at regular focal length). Going the dedicated camera route, I would suggest getting a couple extra SD cards and a spare battery or two (or three), and even with those add-ons you're STILL under the cost of a phone.
This was taken with a camera classed between the P&S linked above and a full-on DSLR, you won't get a shot like this out of a phone...
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Taking "selfies" with this camera is a bit of a stretch though.
I would like to be able to take selfies. I was hoping to have that.
It would be nice to have better quality photos, and it seems a waste to spend more for an inferior camera, but I've read; in a number of places, that the camera in a phone is good enough for most people.
Another feature that phones have, that I would like, is an audio recorder. Do any cameras record audio, as well as video?
