I've been using digital cameras for over 17 years and there has not been ONE that doesn't overexpose highlights. I routinely use minus exposure compensation to prevent loss of detail.
In my regular cameras that have histograms or highlight "blinkies" I use those tools to predict what areas will be overexposed if I click the shutter with the settings the camera chooses.
With the Note 4 I rely on what the lcd shows me - which can still be unreliable since I chose the light level displayed!
For general use I keep the display as dark as possible to preserve battery life, so I can be misled, but if a sunset looks overexposed when I have the display so dark, I know I'm going to have a washed out picture.
You are so right, chuck, about tweaking the camera settings for the best results - and that applies to regular cameras as well!
The purpose of HDR is to increase dynamic range by combining the properly exposed parts of an overexposed and underexposed image. And, during that process, the camera needs to perfectly align multiple images - something that doesn't always work just right. What HDR does, in effect, is brighten shadows and darken highlights - which basically reduces the contrast in an image. In a limited number of images, you may get a better image with HDR on than off. BUT, there isn't anything wrong with an image with limited dynamic range. For example, the sunset images in this post would be ruined had they been taken with HDR on. You would see detail in the dark areas, which would distract your attention from the subject - the colorful sunset - in effect, ruining the image. It would also have made the image "muddy" looking - no eye-popping contrast.
Using sophisticated desktop software, it is possible to get great HDR images, but the scene itself must be just right, and the person using the software must be very knowledgeable about the process. It's impossible for the camera to automate this process and get it right, except for an occasional lucky image.
Limited dynamic range can be a very good thing in photography. The ability to use shadows to eliminate distracting details in an image is a tool that all pro photographers use extensively.
Most of the time, you don't want increased dynamic range in photography.
There is a controversy regarding how hdrs are produced with the Note 4. I thought two images were combined, yet a poster on the dpreview phone forum insists it is only one inmage which is exposed for the highlights. I asked for a link to prove his theory, but he couldn't come up with one.
Here's part of the thread in which we discussed how hdrs are made: Re: So Samsungs HDR mode has changed from this description?: Android Talk Forum: Digital Photography Review
If you're interested you may want to read other posts from the author of this one.
Here's a few of my sunsets from the Note 4...
Sometimes hdr can make a rather striking sunset photo:
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Out of focus can sometimes work too:
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