It's a CDMA thing; not many phones on CDMA carriers have simultaneous voice and data, even among Android devices. Even with LTE. Look it up.
Even my Fujitsu Android phone with WiMax, I'd expect it to have simultaenous cdma voice and WiMax data, but nope... Not happenin because I'm on a CDMA carrier, and it takes some extra special hardware/software to allow it. At least until VoLTE (Voice over LTE) comes and it gets supported in LTE phones' software... (From one article I read the iPhone 5 WILL support it if it is offered in a software update, so it's only a matter of the carrier - Verizon, Sprint, AU, etc - to support it on their networks). LG U+ in Korea is already rolling out VoLTE it seems, I wonder how that will work!
EDIT: I might be terribly wrong about "not many Android phones can do it either" lol, I'm not in the USA so what do I know *oops*
Actually, here's the deal.
The CDMA iPhone 4/4S cannot to SVD (simultaneous voice & data) because it does not support SV-DO (an evolution of EV-DO, the CDMA world's version of 3G). While I don't know about Sprint, Verizon has several phones that support this. The first was the HTC Thunderbolt. So, with certain phones, Verizon 3G users CAN do SVD. The Galaxy S3 is one of those phones.
Now, Verizon supports SVD with all their current LTE phones when in an LTE service area (the above statement about SV-DO notwithstanding). The data is carried on LTE channel and the voice is carried on the CDMA 1x channel. These phones have 2 or more radios and antennas that can operate simultaneously (each on a different frequency for the CDMA channel and the LTE channel). Some because they have two separate chipsets (CDMA and LTE) and some because they're designed with multiple transceiver antennas.
What Apple appears to have done with the iPhone 5 is this: They're using a
single antenna array (it's actually two - a main plus a diversity, but they basically function together). While this saves power and keeps the size to a minimum, it can't transmit CDMA voice and LTE data at the same time. Nor can it support SV-DO for the same reason. Basically, it can only talk to one network at a time - CDMA or LTE. One or the other, not both. Other phones are not designed with this limitation (at least not so far).
So, the Verizon iPhone 5's lack of SVD is NOT a Verizon problem. It's an Apple problem.
Now, this same design limitation also affects the AT&T/GSM iPhone 5. It cannot do UTMS/GSM plus LTE at the same time. One or the other. So when you're on a voice call, you lose LTE data. Data (and the voice call) drop to 3G.
However, since 3G GSM could always do SVD over its single transceiver array, you still get simultaneous voice and data on the AT&T (GSM, non-CDMA) iPhone 5. But it's restricted to 3G data when on a voice call. Same phone design limitation, different consequences.
So, it's Apple's fault that in 2013 their flagship phone cannot support voice plus simultaneous LTE data (or any data of any kind on Verizon/Sprint). It's Apple's purposeful design limitation, nothing to do with the network carrier.
Don't blame Verizon. The blame falls squarely in Apple's lap for this one.