I had the exact same problem. To be fair, my phone storage was a bit tight. I cleared the cache, moved some apps to the SD card and uninstalled some apps until I had more free space than I'd had in months, but the problem didn't go away.
Then I tried going into settings in the Google app and went into the "Your feed" section and turned the feed off. I didn't delete my feed preferences. Then I restarted my phone. As soon as the phone restarted I had a screen come up automatically which suggested that I opt into restarting my feed. I clicked on "Yes I'm in" and the problem was solved. My feed was restored with my preferences intact.
My theory is that once the cards stop working due to low storage space, the app doesn't do a good job of reassessing the storage situation without this reboot. I hope it works for others. It is certainly a lot less drastic than deleting your card preferences and/or doing a system reset.