Android phones don't really need to be connected to computers; for the most part, everything is done cloud based. There's no iTunes so to say.
I've been on Android for 3 years, and have plugged my phone in maybe 5 times.
That being said, when you plug in an Android phone, it becomes a flash storage device, so it should work with any computer or os. It operates just as if you plugged in a USB flash drive.
To me, the main real world differences between the HTC One and the S4 are this:
If you want a removable battery and expandable memory via microsd, go S4.
Otherwise, go HTC One.
Everything else to me is the same, or so close that it doesn't make much of a difference.