Gallery shows what Media Scanner found - when you started the phone or forced a rescan (with an app like
Rescan Media). Putting files on the phone doesn't force a rescan. Install the app and run it or restart the phone and the pictures should show up.
(And remember, the "album" name is the name of the folder the pictures are in, so if you have 2 folders, one on internal storage, the other on the SD card, with the same name, you'll have 2 albums with that name.)