1) Current Widget - https://market.android.com/details?id=com.manor.currentwidget - is a widget. It only works if a widget is added to a home screen: Menu -> Add -> Widget - Current Widget, then you can change a few settings, like how often to refresh, log into a text file, etc. Without changing any settings, you'll get a 1x1 widget showing the electric current in mA, refreshing every 60 seconds, with the manual refresh button on it. Note: not every phone reports electric current to the system. I personally tested Current Widget working on HTC EVO 4G, Samsung Epic 4G, Motorola Xoom WiFi, and not working on Motorola Droid Bionic. Alternatively, if you have a multimeter (and you should, if you do any electric circuitry soldering), you can measure electric current on the touchstone coil contacts or wires going to the microUSB plug.
2) Shorting means connecting wire or soldering together. Just put a little bit of filler metal (solder) between pins 2 and 3. This will give the phone a signal that it is not connected to a computer and so it can draw 1000mA, instead of 500mA, from pins 1 and 4.
3) Shorting pins on the charger side will have no effect here. (In fact, the wall charger already has pins 2 and 3 shorted.) The phone only "sees" the microUSB port (jack, plugged into it). In your current mod, the microUSB jack is only connected to the touchstone coil with pins 1 and 4. Pins 2 and 3 are open (not connected to anything or each other), which signals the phone that it is plugged into a computer data USB port, and it limits the electric current draw to 500mA and expects data exchange through pins 2 and 3.
Good luck!
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