Welcome to Android Central! You're rooted and running Jellybean--is that an official Jellybean version from Samsung for that exact phone, or is it a custom ROM? If it's custom, then I would suspect a problem with the ROM.
Are you using the original charging cable and plug for the phone? There's an off chance that a 3rd party cable could cause some problems, although I think this is much less likely than what I mentioned above. Still, it'd be best to use the original cable (or an official replacement).
Posted via Android Central App--please excuse the brevity and any typos!