Can't say ANY phone.
My iPhone 6s is over 3 years old with iOS 12.1 and runs my apps pretty smoothly for a phone released over 3 years ago and it only has 2 gb ram. No Stutter or lag. Just a step or two slower probably even though I don't really care to notice it.
Wife's iPhone X has 3gb ram and that phone can go head to head with any phone performance-wise of any phone out now and no stutter or lag and I expect her phone to run no stutter or lag 3-4 years out too like the 6S with iOS 16. So it's possible.
Of course you can't compare any normal android phones to perform like those after 2+ years... heck I think the Note 8 is the first Samsung phone not afflicted with the known Samsung lag before 1 year. (Imagine an S7 that's a year newer than an iPhone 6S and I couldn't imagine being able to run as smooth as my 6s even with Oreo update).
But I would think that the Pixel 3 with P they may be able to get a step closer to being able to reliably do more with less like Apple is able to show with their control of hardware and software and that it continues to do so into year 2 and 3 with Apple like updates.
A Pixel 3 with Android S, with as much of the newest OS updates and features of the 2021 Pixel 6, running as smooth with and no stutter as the day it had P... just a step or two slower.
That's what makes a phone earn the label "future proof" as discussed in another thread.
Every phone that has had 4GB of ram or less has also had stuttering and lag. My Note 8/S9+/Note 9 are the only phones that I own today that do not have any stuttering/lag.
Those phones with only 4GB ram have .5GB reserved for the GPU just as any other phone does but that just leaves 3.5GB for the phone to use for apps and anything else.