Are you sure that you have a device connected at the time you took that screenshot that has a phone call profile? That may not enable unless you do. (In AOSP you can't check anything without a device that has a profile of the type you're checking connected.)
I am having the same issue. It's such an annoyance. It only works when I restart the phone. I have to restart my phone each time I want to connect to my car for making phone calls.
Any solution?
The only time I had a BT phone issue was when I had my Gear S3 was connected. I unchecked phone calls under BT for it. After that I've had zero issues.