How do I install it?
Make sure you've enabled on USB debugging on your phone in Settings -> Application -> Development
2. Get the Android SDK here: Android SDK | Android Developers
Extract the SDK to any folder say C:\Android
Make sure that you have installed the drivers for your phone and the operating system recognizes your phone.
Everything installed? Continuing...
Now how to actually access the log, everything in italic are commands you need to enter.
Open the 'run' dialog by pressing the 'Windows' + 'r' buttons on your keyboard (minimize the browser & other non-windows programs)
cmd (this will open a DOS prompt)
cd c:\Android\tools (go to the directory where you extracted the SDK)
adb shell
Now you'll see just a '$'
logcat
not as easy as it sounds. good luck