APN stands for "Access Point Names". From what I understand, they are what allow advanced data features on your device. Its number one ability allows users to use mms, instead of just sms. In normal operation you would never need to change them. But if you flash over to a different carrier, or a new ROM you would need to enter the correct settings for your carrier.
Now i may be wrong as I don't fiddle with my apns at all. That's just what I learned from seeing others do it
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